Bodhi Day: Bhubaneswar’s Tribute to Odisha’s Spiritual Tapestry and Buddhist Heritage

Bodhi Day: Bhubaneswar’s Tribute to Odisha’s Spiritual Tapestry and Buddhist Heritage

Odisha, located in the heart of eastern India, is a region where history, spirituality, and culture all coexist in a harmonious dance. While it is well-known for its rich cultural tapestry, temples and ancient dance forms, there is another, more subtle, but as important aspect to this state: its strong ties to Buddhism. Every year, on Bodhi Day, Odisha comes alive with a unique sense of devotion. But what makes this day in Odisha so special? From ancient stupas to tranquil meditation rooms, the state provides insight into the origins of Buddhist enlightenment. Join us as we explore Odisha's spiritual environment, learning about the profound significance of Bodhi Day and the Buddha's teachings' long-lasting impact on this timeless region.

As the world reflects on the Buddha’s enlightenment, Odisha stands as a living testament to his teachings. One of the most significant events that underscores Odisha’s connection to Buddhism is Rohatsu, also known as Bodhi Day observed annually on December 8th which celebrates the enlightenment of the Buddha. Bodhi day serves as a reminder of the enduring legacy of Buddhism in the state, where ancient teachings continue to resonate, guiding individuals towards mindfulness and inner peace. Bodhi Day transcends religion. It is about awakening to the realities of life and cultivating kindness, patience, and clarity.

In contemporary Odisha, the Maha Bodhi Society of India, particularly its centre in Bhubaneswar, actively works to preserve and promote Buddhist teachings. The Maha Bodhi Society is the custodian of Buddhist history and philosophy.  A devoted monk at the Center, Ven Dhamma Gaveso Bhante Mo, offering profound insights about Bodhi day said to My City Links, "On Bodhi Day, we gather in reverence to honour the Buddha's enlightenment under the Bodhi tree. It is a time for reflection and meditation, where we light lamps to symbolise the illumination of wisdom and the dispelling of ignorance. We also offer our respect to the Bodhi tree, recognizing it as the sacred symbol of the Buddha's awakening. Through tree worship, we reconnect with the deep roots of his teachings, fostering peace, compassion, and mindfulness in our hearts.”

Bodhi Day is not just an event; it is a reminder of what the Sidhhartha Gautama Buddha achieved for humanity. The day marks his enlightenment under the Bodhi Tree, a moment when he transcended suffering and understood the truths of existence.

“For Buddhists, it is a reminder that awakening is possible for everyone. The Buddha’s journey shows us that through perseverance, mindfulness, and compassion, we can overcome ignorance and find inner peace. This day is a call to cultivate those qualities in ourselves. The Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path, guiding principles that shape the path to enlightenment reflect on the essence of suffering, its origins, and the way to overcome it through right understanding, intention, speech, and action,” added Ven Dhamma.

The Buddha's profound insight into the impermanence of life also stands central to this reflection; his enlightenment was born from embracing change and learning to release attachment. It is through this acceptance of life’s constant flux that one finds the key to true freedom and peace. Adding more Ven Dhamma stated, “Non-Buddhists can embrace the essence of Bodhi Day by engaging in acts of kindness, mindfulness, and reflection. Spending time in nature, meditating, or simply sitting in quiet contemplation can help connect with the day’s spirit. Reading the Buddha’s life story or reflecting on his teachings can also provide valuable insights.”

This centre situated in the state’s capital serves as a beacon for those seeking to explore Buddhism and its timeless relevance and also as a focal point for spiritual activities and education in the state’s capital. This centre, situated in the state’s capital, serves as a hub for spiritual exploration and education. On Bodhi Day, the society organises meditation sessions, cultural activities, and community gatherings to honour the Buddha’s message, ensuring its relevance continues to inspire people across generations. 

Established in 1956, located in the centre of the capital of "Bhubaneswar," about 2 kilometres from the railway station and 4 kilometres from the Biju Patnaik International airport. Honourable Harekrushna Mahtab, the then Chief Minister of Odisha, presented the piece of land to the Maha Bodhi Society of India on behalf of the Odisha government in order to build the Buddha Vihar, School, and Cultural Institution. The Honourable Sri Mahtab was a devout Buddhist who gave a thought-provoking discourse at Dharmarajika Chetiya Vihara in Kolkata in August 1949.

In Odisha, this day is observed with reverence at various Buddhist heritage sites. The state, with its tranquil atmosphere and historical Buddhist sites, provides a serene backdrop for Bodhi Day celebrations. The ancient temples, placid landscapes, and archaeological sites bear witness to its deep spiritual heritage, with Buddhism playing a central role in shaping its cultural identity. From the serene rock hewn caves to the peaceful stupas and monasteries scattered across its hills, Odisha holds a special place in the Buddhist world.Through its rich spiritual landscape and ongoing practices, Odisha remains a beacon of timeless spirituality, where cultural traditions and Buddhist philosophy intertwine harmoniously. Unlike grand, bustling festivities elsewhere, Bodhi Day in Odisha is marked by quiet introspection, with locals and visitors alike gathering to meditate, share wisdom, and light candles in honour of the Buddha’s path to enlightenment. It’s not just a spiritual observance, but a deeply personal journey, one that continues to inspire those who seek peace in a world that often seems far removed from tranquillity. Even beyond historical contexts, Odisha’s cultural landscape reflects its Buddhist heritage. The state's art and architecture, exquisite carvings, and terracotta works, demonstrate strong Buddhist influences.

Annual events at Buddhist sites attract global visitors, fostering intercultural dialogue and awareness about the state's spiritual significance. Additionally, the Odisha government has undertaken initiatives to preserve and promote Buddhist sites, ensuring their relevance for future generations. In essence, Odisha stands as a beacon of India’s Buddhist legacy, harmonising its ancient spiritual traditions with its vibrant contemporary culture. Whether through its historical landmarks, festivals like Bodhi Day, or its capital city Bhubaneswar, the state continues to inspire with its enduring message of peace and enlightenment.

The celebration of Bodhi Day in Odisha is gradually gaining prominence as part of broader efforts to highlight the state’s Buddhist heritage. With increasing interest from international tourists and Buddhist followers, Odisha has started integrating Bodhi Day into its cultural calendar, hosting events that appeal to both spiritual seekers and history enthusiasts.

In essence, Bodhi Day in Odisha is not just a commemoration of enlightenment but a reminder of the timeless relevance of the Buddha’s teachings in fostering a more compassionate and harmonious world. Through Bodhi Day observances, Odisha reinforces its commitment to preserving Buddhist heritage. The restoration of ancient sites and the promotion of tourism tie the state’s history with contemporary relevance.

Buddhism in Odisha

Odisha was known as Kalinga under Emperor Asoka's reign. To take it, the Emperor waged a fierce battle against the Kalingas. During the war, many people were slain, and massive destruction occurred. After witnessing the devastation and suffering left behind by war, he realised that such enormous destruction could not bring peace and prosperity to the nation. The Emperor converted to Buddhism and became a great patriot of the religion, following The Buddha's Noble Path of peace, wisdom, and compassion. He ruled his large empire in peace and calm, dedicating himself to spreading The Buddha's Message throughout India and worldwide. This Centre plays a vital role in promoting social welfare and education. The Dhammaduta monks at the Centre are dedicated to carrying out both social and religious activities, while also assisting visitors by offering accurate guidance to those seeking the Dhamma. They are committed to demonstrating the practice of meditation and fostering a supportive environment for all who come to learn and grow spiritually.

While Bodhi Day is not as widely observed in Odisha as in regions like Ladakh or Dharamshala, it holds a special place at significant Buddhist sites and among the local Buddhist communities. 

Meditation and Chanting

On Bodhi Day, gatherings are held at prominent Buddhist sites like Dhauli Shanti Stupa, Ratnagiri, Lalitgiri, and Udayagiri, where devotees engage in meditative practices. These sessions aim to foster mindfulness, a key teaching of the Buddha.

Illumination of Sites

In a symbolic gesture, stupas and monasteries in Odisha are adorned with lamps and candles. This ritual signifies enlightenment, the dispelling of ignorance, and the illumination of knowledge.

Cultural and Spiritual Events 

Lectures and Seminars: Scholars and monks deliver talks on the life and teachings of the Buddha. Discussions often revolve around the relevance of Buddhist principles in modern life. 

Buddhist art, including sculptures, manuscripts, and paintings, is showcased to highlight the region's connection to the faith. The Bodhi tree is sacred in Buddhism as it represents the Buddha's enlightenment. On Bodhi Day, saplings of the peepal tree (Ficus religiosa) are often planted at monasteries and community spaces as an act of reverence and ecological awareness. Simple vegetarian meals are prepared and shared among communities as an act of kindness and generosity, embodying Buddhist values.

Key Locations  for Bodhi Day Observances in Odisha

The Dhauli Peace Pagoda, erected on the site where Emperor Ashoka renounced violence, serves as a major venue for Bodhi Day celebrations. Devotees gather for prayers, peace marches, and offerings at this iconic monument.

The ancient sites like Ratnagiri, Udayagiri, and Lalitgiri (The Diamond Triangle), adorned with stupas, monasteries, and statues of the Buddha, host solemn observances. The serene environment makes them ideal for reflection on Bodhi Day. Ratnagiri’s monastery is particularly renowned for its exquisite Buddha images, drawing visitors seeking a spiritual connection. The famous Konark Sun Temple also showcases remnants of Buddhist-inspired artistry.

In today’s world, people often feel overwhelmed by stress, competition, and distractions. Bodhi Day reminds us of the power of simplicity and mindfulness. By cultivating compassion and inner peace, we can navigate life’s challenges with greater clarity and balance. Buddhism offers timeless knowledge that tackles fundamental problems about existence and provides a practical framework for addressing the complexities of the human experience. Buddhism is founded on a conceptual framework for answering fundamental questions about existence, the nature of suffering, and the path to fulfilment.

Buddhism is more than just a path to enlightenment, a method of truly connecting with oneself and the world. As we celebrate Bodhi Day, let us seize the opportunity to apply the Buddha's teachings in our daily lives.